US Constitution Article 3 Section 3 Clause 1 states: "Clause 1: Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying War against them, or in adhering to their Enemies, giving them Aid and Comfort. No Person shall be convicted of Treason unless on the Testimony of two Witnesses to the same overt Act, or on Confession in open Court." James Buchanan stated that he didn't have the power and authority to force South Carolina back into the union. That it was unconstitutional for him to do so. Now we have Lincoln who in is speech to congress on July 4, 1861 declared he did have authority to force them back. Reading his address it becomes obvious that Lincoln had no intention of letting states secede peacefully. This is the reason he conspired to to reinforce Fort Sumter and doing it in such a way as to incite the South to fire on it. The letter to G V Foxx goes a long way in proving this by the manner in which Lincoln wrote. So we now have two presidents with different views on the right of secession or forcing a state to stay in the union by waging war on it. The seceding states were NOT waging war against the US to over throw it or even rebel against it, they simply wanted to leave as peacefully as possible. Therefore this in NO WAY constitutes rebellion against the US Government. And if one claims the CSA started the war by firing on Fort Sumter, then by the right of secession and according to the US Constitution concerning State's Right's, the US Government should have withdrawn and left the CSA after their thoughts of *revenge* of Fort Sumter. As it stands Fort Sumter was just the pretext for Lincoln's excuse to attack the CSA and conquer them to force them back into the union. The result was Lincoln's quote: "In saving the union I have destroyed the Republic." Lincoln destroyed the Republic by committing treason according my quote from the US Constitution concerning "NOT" waging war against any state. This in turn, turned the US Constitution from being interpreted strictly into being interpreted as a "Living Document", and that is why we have our problems today in government, such as the recent HealthCare ruling from SCOTUS. Not only have I lost my country 150 years ago. Today you are just beginning to see you have lost yours because of the same war! Michael-- Deo Vindicabamur occupied CSA