“If moral behavior were simply following rules, we could program a computer to be moral.”

(-; I like it; a lot ;-) Yes, absolutely !

If a computer is programmed to tell the truth, it will tell the truth. If it is programmed to lie, it will lie. A computer CAN be programmed to be moral, but it still must be programmed. On the other hand, programming a living, breathing human to be 'moral' would in fact be 'immoral.' Morals are learned, but when forced are but dictates and often are not 'moral' at all. A conscience may be cultivated but not coerced.

Morality cannot be programmed because morality is a product of free will. A man is moral only to the degree that he is free.

That's the solution today, more rules (laws).  Got a problem?  New rules!  Doesn't fix the problem?  More rules.  When is a person to transition from following the rules, to making his own rules?  Why is it that we must either command or obey others?  Commanding oneself seems to be too much power to allow the common man.  'Telling people what to do' is the longest running racket in human history.

Computers, AI, is based upon the actions of a carnal calculating mind. There is a carnal mind, and a spiritual mind, a carnal body and a spiritual body. The interactions of the Divine Spirit of Truth with that of the spiritual mind can not be emulated by a carnally minded computer. Conscience, there are two types, of interactions, one of self being and conviction, the other of a "corrupting agent" against that which is found to be contrary to sound doctrinal judgment. Hence the presence of God in relationship with the spiritual man. Morality is found to be at odds with the carnal mind. It is God who seeks after the inner man, he being spiritually minded.  

Note: that "conscience" "corrupting agent" not of oneself, if found to be at odds with, can/has resulted in many a death of individuals. Short and long runs observed. 

The Source of all morality, honesty, love, and all that is good comes from one place only. Unfortunately the carnal minded deny that Source to their detriment. God's word makes it clear that the heart is deceptively wicked. Man left to his own devices sinks to the lowest level, in critical situations the masses sink to fighting, stealing, and evil against their neighbors. Babies don't have to be taught to be selfish, it's inherent. Kids don't have to be taught to lie, it's inborn. Morality must be taught ... it doesn't evolve. Pride is the source of evil if one takes the time to think about it...